Drug interactions with target molecules. Drug kinetic in the body. Action mechanism of the main drug classes: drugs active on central nervous system, heart, kidney, gastroenteric system, immune system; basis for evaluation of drug side effects and drug interactions. Basic information on drug development, clinic evaluation and approval.
F. Clementi e G. Fumagalli-General and Molecular Pharmacology. Casa editrice: UTET, Torino.
H.P. Rang, M.M. Dale and J.M. Ritter- Pharmacology. Churchill Livingstone ED.
DE. Golan, AH. Tashjian, EJ. Armstrong, JM.Galanter, AW. Armstrong, RA. Arnaout e HS. Rose- Principles of Pharmacology.
Hacker M., Messer W. and Bachmann -Pharmacology: principle and practice. ELSEVIER
A.G. Goodman and L.S. GilmanThe Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics McGraw-Hill Ed.
Learning Objectives
Methodological competences of assay in pharmacology. In particular evaluation of drug affinity and efficacy by dose-effect curve design. Quantification of chemicals in biological samples by standard curves. Mathematical analysis of receptor binding.
Dilutions. Competences of HPLC, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry analysis, Ca++ assay.
Prerequisites
None
Teaching Methods
Ex cathedra lessons
Further information
.
Type of Assessment
Oral examinations
Course program
Introduction to pharmacology and clinical sperimentation in man. Innovative drugs, biological drugs. Pharmacovigilance principles.
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHARMACOLOGY Pharmacodynamic: How drug acts by specific and unspecific actions.
Receptors to drugs, drug-receptor interactions. Methodologies to study receptors. Receptor agonists and antagonists. Dose-effect curves. Pharmacological effects mediated by ionic channels, examples .Drug interactions with carrier, enzymes and ionic channels. Drug desensitization and tachiphylaxis, metabolic and cellular tolerance, physical dependence
Pharmacokinetic: drug absorption and routes of drug administration.Drug distribution and factors regulating it. Biological barriers: ematoencephalic, ematoliquoral and placentar barriers.Drug metabolism: drug metabolizing enzymes. Drug-drug interactions. Drug that inhibit or stimulate metabolism: cloramphenicol, disulfiram, allopurinol. Drug inducers with emphasis to dioxins. Drug excretion
SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY :
Nervous system organization. Transmitter systems and drugs Catecolaminergic transmission Cholinergic transmission.Serotoninergic transmission.Istaminergic transmission Aminoacidergic transmission. Peptidergic transmission.Purinergic transmission.Pharmacology of nitric oxide (NO).Pesticides.Antinflammatory steroid and no steroid drugs.Diuretics.Drugs active on cardiovascular system:cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmic drugs, anti-angina drugs, Ca++ channel blockers, antihypertensive agents. Local anaesthetics, poisons activators of Na+ channels, antiepileptics and antiaritmics, type L Ca++ channel blockers, anti diabete drugs, potassium channel openers. antinflammatory non steroid drugs (FANS), ACE inhibitors Na+/K+ (pump inhibitors (cardioactive glycosides), simpaticomimetic amines (tiramine, amphetamine, ephedrine), Protonic pump inhibitors, antidepressants and psycostimulant drugs. Insecticides. Fibrinolytic and anticoagulant drugs. Anti-cancer chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies, protein kinase inhibitors and several small molecules. Anti-dyslipidemic drugs
ASSAYS IN PHARMACOLOGY:
Ca++ homeostasis and modulation. Intracellular Ca++ assay with emphasis on fluorescence imaging techniques. Cromatographic techniques. Drug, transmitter and hormone assays by high resolution liquid chromatographic techniques. Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques for drug analysis. Receptor binding techniques. Immunohistochemical techniques